Leaf folder: Nephrosclerosis medinalis

Symptom of damage:

• Leaves fold longitudinally and larvae remains inside
• Larva scrapes the green tissues of the leaves, becomes white and dry
• During severe infestation the whole field exhibits scorched appearance

Larva inside folded leaves	Fallen of scrapped leaves	Scraping of leaves	Longitudinal folding of leaves

Identification of pest:

• Egg: Female lays 200 eggs on both the surfaces of leaf, are long with yellowish white in colour
• Larva: Greenish yellowish in colour with brownish or black head
• Pupa:  Are initially brown in colour, later becomes dark brown in colour and are found inside the folded leaf
• Adult: Whitish yellow or golden yellow in colour, forewings has three black lines

Egg	Larva	Puoa	Adult

Management:

• Crop rotation with non cereal crops
• Adopt clean practices around the field
• Avoid closer spacing sowing
• Collect and destroy affected leaves
• Spray Chlorpyriphos 2.5 ml or quinalphos 2.5 ml or acephate 1 g or Carbaryl 1 g or Cartap Hydrochloride 2 g/lit at 10 days interval followed by Cartap Hydrochloride 4G 10 kg/ha
• Spray NSKE 5 % or neem oil 0.5 % or bio control agents 300 ppm @1.5 lit/ha or 1500 ppm 1.5 lit/ha
• Release Trichogramma chilonis 5-6 times @1,00,000/ha 7-10 days interval  
• Spray Bacillus thuringenesis @1kg or 1 lit/ha at 7-10 days interval in evening hours
• Set up light trap or pheromone trap
• Dislodge the cases by passing a rope